Theory of Self‐Determination: A Viable Solution for the Kashmir Conflict

ABSTRACT This study critically examines the longstanding rivalry between two South Asian nuclear powers, Pakistan and India, with a focus on the Kashmir conflict. It proposes a viable resolution grounded in the theoretical framework of self‐determination. The analysis explores the case for self‐determination in Kashmir by investigating key factors, including persistent oppression and injustice, widespread popular uprisings supported by the local population, and the repeated failure of conflict resolution and reconciliation strategies to achieve an amicable solution. It also evaluates potential pathways for resolving the Kashmir conflict, emphasizing both bilateral approaches and multilateral or United Nations‐mediated frameworks. The findings indicate that the principle of self‐determination provides a robust foundation for resolving this protracted social conflict. However, the prospects for a bilateral resolution appear limited, as the status quo largely benefits India, the dominant actor in the dispute. While multilateral approaches offer greater potential for implementation, they face significant challenges. The study concludes by emphasizing the necessity for Pakistan and India to adopt a comprehensive and integrated strategy that prioritizes self‐determination as a means to foster mutual trust and ensure peaceful coexistence in the region.