ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MEOPAUSE, POSTMENOPAUSE HORMONAL THERAPY, AND PEPTIC ULCERIN TAIWANESE POPULATION

Menopause is associated with various health conditions such as osteoporosis, obesity, cardiovascular and psychological disorders.However, limited information is available on the relationship between perimenopause and hormone replacement therapy with the occurrence of digestive ulcers.Therefore, we conducted this population-based study of over 17,000 participants in the Taiwan Biobank to examine the association between menopause and peptic ulcer disease (PUD).In addition, we also examined associations between the types of menopause and postmenopausal hormone therapy with PUD.Menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, and the presence of PUD were determined using self-reported questionnaires.The participants were grouped according to whether or not they had entered menopause.The participants were further categorized based on the cause of menopause: natural or surgical.Binary logistic regression was utilized for correlation analysis.Of the 17,460 individuals enrolled for analysis, 9620 (55%) were classi ed into the postmenopausal group and 7840 (45%) into the premenopausal group.After adjusting for various factors, the postmenopausal group had a 1.19 times higher risk of developing PUD compared to the premenopausal group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.19, 95% con dence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.38, p = 0.022).Moreover, surgical menopause was signi cantly associated with PUD (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.63; p < 0.001), but natural menopause was not (OR, 1.128; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.30; p = 0.153).In addition, the women with natural menopause who received postmenopausal hormone therapy had a signi cantly higher prevalence of PUD than those who did not (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.70; p = 0.004).However, no signi cant association was found between postmenopausal hormone therapy and PUD among the women with surgical menopause (p = 0.622).Menopause was signi cantly associated with PUD.Furthermore, surgical menopause (vs.premenopause) was associated with a 1.38 times higher risk of PUD, and postmenopausal hormone therapy in women with natural menopause was associated with a 1.37 times higher risk of PUD.Further research is warranted to identify the mechanisms and potential interventions to reduce susceptibility to digestive ulcers in menopausal women.