Factors Associated with Cesarean Section Birth in Mexico from 2008 to 2017

Introduction: Over the last thirty years, there has been a significant increase in the number of cesarean sections worldwide and in Mexico.The global recommendation is that the percentage of births by cesarean section should not exceed 15% of all births, as surpassing this threshold is associated with severe maternal morbidity and mortality.Objective: The aim of this study is to find the institutional, clinical, and socioeconomic factors associated with the type of childbirth resolution in Mexico. Methodology:The study analyzes births that occurred and were registered from 2008 to 2017 at the national level in Mexico, using birth certificates.Stratification was based on the region of the country, and a comprehensive analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate approaches, employing logistic and multilevel regression techniques with a significance level set at 0.05.Result: During the studied period, Mexico exceeded the World Health Organization's recommended percentage of births by cesarean section by 25.96 percentage points.The multilevel model analysis revealed that the institution managing the birth and the socioeconomic region of the pregnant woman's residence showed the strongest association with opting for a cesarean delivery.