Demand, Challenges, and Optimization Paths for the Development of the Grain Industry in China’s Mountainous Regions

Ensuring national food security is crucial for economic development, social stability, and national security. In China, food security still faces significant challenges and regional imbalances, and promoting the high-quality development of the grain industry in mountainous regions is not only essential for national food security but also a vital path for high-quality agricultural development and comprehensive rural revitalization in these areas. This holds unique value and practical significance for China’s food security. The development of the grain industry in China’s mountainous regions is constrained by factors such as resource limitations, fragile ecological environments, and inadequate infrastructure; it faces resource, organizational, market, and policy challenges. There is a need to emphasize a development orientation towards “green and superior” and “small but refined,” adopting targeted optimization paths such as enhancing appropriately scaled development, emphasizing composite development, strengthening green leadership, optimizing policy support, and reinforcing interest linkages.