Blockchain-Enabled Closed-Loop Supply Chain Optimization for Power Battery Recycling and Cascading Utilization

This article investigates decision-making strategies for power battery recycling and cascading utilization within the context of rapidly advancing blockchain technology, aiming to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of energy storage systems. A closed-loop recycling supply chain model is proposed, integrating key stakeholders such as power battery manufacturers, OEM (original equipment manufacturer) vehicle manufacturers, third-party recyclers, tiered users, and consumers. The study focuses on critical factors including competition among recycling channels, the level of blockchain-enabled traceability, and the cascading utilization rate of retired batteries. By analyzing four hybrid recycling modes, the research identifies optimal recycling strategies and evaluates their economic and environmental impacts. The findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical insights for improving the sustainability of power battery recycling, contributing to the development of cleaner and more efficient energy systems.