Effect of Sonication Approaches on the Silanization and Structural Quality of Multilayer Ti <sub>3</sub> C <sub>2</sub> T <sub> <i>x</i> </sub>

MXenes have attracted attention due to their high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and considerable mechanical properties. Multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x faces challenges related to restacking and agglomeration as well as its limited oxidation/degradation resistance in oxygen‐containing environments. In this study, multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x is chemically functionalized by silanization with trimethoxy(octyl)silane while varying the dispersion approach. The impact of four sonication approaches on the success of silanization of Ti 3 C 2 T x by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is studied. Regardless of the approach, all procedures successfully silanize Ti 3 C 2 T x , demonstrating the robustness of each individual procedure. Moreover, the various sonication approaches do not affect the samples’ morphology. The two‐step sonication approach (method B) that consists of dispersing Ti 3 C 2 T x first in isopropanol for 20 min using bath‐sonication and then dispersing them for 30 min in isopropanol/toluene/trimethoxy(octyl)silane using bath sonication notably reduces the amount of amorphous carbon in Ti 3 C 2 T x , indicating an enhanced structural quality due to the reduced amount of defective carbon. The silanized Ti 3 C 2 T x obtained using method B shows an enhanced oxidation stability, a greater hydrophobicity, and an improved stability in apolar solvents compared to pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x .

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Engineering Materials
Published
2025-05-06
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202500162
Citations
5
Primary Topic
MXene and MAX Phase Materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.59
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article

Effect of Sonication Approaches on the Silanization and Structural Quality of Multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x

Andreas Rosenkranz, Darío Zambrano, Eva Carolina Sañudo, Daniel Moncada et al.
5 citations
Advanced Engineering Materials
MXene and MAX Phase Materials
2.59
article

Effect of Sonication Approaches on the Silanization and Structural Quality of Multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x

Andreas Rosenkranz, Darío Zambrano, Eva Carolina Sañudo, Daniel Moncada, V.M. Fuenzalida, Andrés Covarrubias Correa, Adriana Blanco, Mónica Soler, Rodrigo Araya‐Hermosilla, Esteban Araya‐Hermosilla, F. Gracia, Franck Quero, Eva Tormos‐Feliu
article en
5 citations

Abstract

MXenes have attracted attention due to their high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and considerable mechanical properties. Multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x faces challenges related to restacking and agglomeration as well as its limited oxidation/degradation resistance in oxygen‐containing environments. In this study, multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x is chemically functionalized by silanization with trimethoxy(octyl)silane while varying the dispersion approach. The impact of four sonication approaches on the success of silanization of Ti 3 C 2 T x by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is studied. Regardless of the approach, all procedures successfully silanize Ti 3 C 2 T x , demonstrating the robustness of each individual procedure. Moreover, the various sonication approaches do not affect the samples’ morphology. The two‐step sonication approach (method B) that consists of dispersing Ti 3 C 2 T x first in isopropanol for 20 min using bath‐sonication and then dispersing them for 30 min in isopropanol/toluene/trimethoxy(octyl)silane using bath sonication notably reduces the amount of amorphous carbon in Ti 3 C 2 T x , indicating an enhanced structural quality due to the reduced amount of defective carbon. The silanized Ti 3 C 2 T x obtained using method B shows an enhanced oxidation stability, a greater hydrophobicity, and an improved stability in apolar solvents compared to pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x .

Advanced Engineering MaterialsVol. 27(23)
Millennium Science Initiative (CL), Dirección de Investigación y Desarrollo (CL), Metropolitan University of Technology (CL), Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia de la Universitat de Barcelona, University of Chile (CL), Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
MXene and MAX Phase Materials
2.59
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