Impact of Canal Water and Rainfall on Yield of Major Crops and NDVI Under Telugu Ganga Project in the Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The present study was conducted to make a detailed assessment of the variability and relationships of rainfall (mm) received, canal water supplied and the yield (kg/ha) of major crops viz., paddy, groundnut crops attained under the Telugu Ganga Project (TGP) command area in Chittor district of Andhra Pradesh during 1997 to 2021. The crop productivity would always be influenced by the water resource available to a crop. Accordingly, linear and quadratic regression models of yield were calibrated to predict the yield of crops through canal water supplied in different years. It was determined that the volume of canal water released in various years had a significant impact on the yields of paddy and groundnut, within the TGP command area. Given the reliable supply of canal water in this region, it is recommended that farmers optimize their use of this resource by cultivating crops that require less water. By implementing advanced agricultural technologies for the diverse crops grown in the TGP command area, farmers can achieve enhanced yields and increased profitability. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for paddy in Chittoor exhibited values ranging from 0.480 to 0.509 in 1997, which increased to between 0.642 and 0.749 by 2018. For groundnut, NDVI values transitioned from 0.574 to 0.596 in 1997 to a range of 0.686 to 0.867 in 2018. It is recommend that the farmers could efficiently utilize the available canal water by growing less water requiring crops and attain maximum yield and profit by adopting the improved.