Mechanical Characteristics of Teeth Restored with Innovative Functionally Graded Posts Made of Titanium-Hydroxyapatite-Bioactive Glass

Objectives: Novel functionally graded dental posts were fabricated, and their mechanical properties were evaluated and then compared with three different commercially dental posts. Materials and Methods: The FGDPs were fabricated by sintering various ratios of bioactive glass (BG), hydroxyapatite (HA), and titanium (Ti) at 900oC in air atmosphere. Four groups of forty maxillary central incisors were selected, and each group restored with titanium, stainless steel, fiber, or FGDPs. To analyze stress distribution and assess fracture resistance and failure mechanisms, four finite element models of teeth repaired with FGDP, fiber, titanium, and stainless-steel posts, respectively, were created. Results: The fracture resistance of teeth repaired using FGDPs was greater (mean = 550 ± 72 N) compared with those restored with titanium (mean = 505 ± 58 N), fibre (mean = 475 ± 70 N) and stainless steel (mean = 422 ± 58 N) posts. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between FGDPs and stainless-steel posts (p = 0.000). When FGDP-restored teeth contrasted with those who had fibber, titanium and stainless-steel posts were 70%, 50%, and 40 %, respectively, of restorable failures (RF), and 100% occurred in the former group. Conclusions: Comparing the FGDP and fibre models to the pothers, finite element analysis IFEA) reveled that stress was distributed more frequently throughout them. It is evident that when FGDPs made using the Ti-HA-BG technology was compared to other dental posts that are sold commercially, they functioned better as dental posts.