Analysis of the features of remote control of a marine autonomous surface ship in port waters using conventional navigation technical means

The article analyzes the peculiarities of remote control of a marine autonomous surface ship in port waters using data obtained from conventional navigational technical means. It highlights that for the effective operation of an automated navigation system controlling a marine autonomous surface ship, a monitoring system must be developed. This system's task is to collect data from the technical means of the controlled object in real-time, analyze them, and subsequently determine and forecast the ship's condition (safe or unsafe) with necessary reliability. Based on these results, possible scenario variants are formed to ensure vessel safety, aiding the automated navigation system or external captain in making optimal decisions. Differences between controlling a classical vessel with a crew on the navigation bridge and remotely controlling an autonomous surface vessel by an external captain under port conditions are presented. The accuracy of classical navigation tasks is calculated based on international and national requirements for measuring capabilities of conventional navigational equipment in relation to remote control without detailing individual equipment models' characteristics. A comparison of the obtained calculation results with international and national safety requirements is made, identifying weaknesses in current technologies and providing recommendations for improving navigation data quality to successfully perform ship-to-ship operations in remote control mode within port waters. The importance of developing new technologies for autonomous ship control to overcome existing navigation aids' shortcomings and enhance safety in port conditions is emphasized.