Power ratio optimization in dual-beam laser welding of Ti-modified SiCp/2A14 composites: Impact on molten pool flow and microstructure

SiC-reinforced aluminum matrix composites are widely utilized in aerospace and other industries for their excellent mechanical properties, though their poor weldability remains a challenge. The addition of Ti often optimizes weld microstructure and enhances welding performance. This study investigates the influence of the power ratio between the center and planetary beams in a dual-laser planetary system, over the welding of Ti-modified SiCp/2A14 composites. Results show that at an optimal power ratio of 1:2, the planetary beam enhances melt pool fluidity, promotes TiC dispersion, and refines the microstructure, yielding improved tensile strength (262 MPa) and ductility (fracture displacement of 0.747 mm). However, more higher power ratios (e.g., 1:3 and 1:4) result in excessive spattering, increased Al 4 C 3 formation, and element segregation, which degrade weld quality. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing dual-laser welding for aluminum matrix composites.