Irreversibility analysis of bioconvective Walters’ B nanofluid flow over an electromagnetic actuator with Cattaneo-Christov model

The aim of this research is to introduce the key aspects of the study, specifically the investigation of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Walters’ B nanofluid flow over a Riga plate in the presence of swimming microorganisms with entropy optimization. It highlights the incorporation of non-linear thermal radiation, and velocity slip boundary conditions, along with the thermophoresis and Brownian motion repercussions. The appropriate transformations for flow governing equations are offered to change the physical system of PDEs into ODEs. Analytical outcomes are achieved via Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The visual representation helps to demonstrate and reflect upon the impact of multiple parameters. The findings indicate that the viscoelastic nanofluid velocity curves are more dominant than Walters’ B nanofluid profiles when modified Hartmann number and porosity parameter inputs are elevated. For convective cooling, the temperature gradient develops as the Eckert number rises, whereas it declines as the radiation parameter rises. Moreover, a large mass thermal relaxation parameter implies a lower concentration. This study demonstrates a positive correlation between motile microbe density and higher porosity parameter inputs. Furthermore, this work uses graphs to assess key engineering physical characteristics.