Prospects for the Valorization of Wind Turbine Blade Waste: Fiber Recovery and Recycling

The article reviews the literature on the potential utilization of decommissioned wind turbine blade waste (WTBW) in construction materials, including geopolymers, which are rarely discussed. The review indicates that only the mechanical processing of WTBW creates prerequisites for its possible use as fillers in construction materials; however, adjustments to the composition of binding materials are necessary. Wind turbine blades (WTBs) are usually made from strong and durable composite materials, thus posing serious recycling and environmental challenges. Thermal process methods are promising approaches for recovering glass fibers from thermosets of WTBW through pyrolysis or converting WTBW into fibers via plasma processing. Preliminary durability studies of such recovered and recycled glass fibers have demonstrated their potential application in geopolymers or cement-based materials. Implementing these technologies would expand the waste management system, completing recycling and reuse solutions. To successfully adopt more environmentally friendly solutions, further development of geopolymer production processes and sustainable fiber recovery is recommended.