Providing support to increase adherence to self-isolation requirements during a public health emergency

Isolating infected individuals plays a crucial role in controlling highly infectious diseases. However adherence to self-isolation mandates can be low. This paper uses data from three studies (total N = 1002) conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic to examine how the provision of support to individuals can facilitate increased adherence to self-isolation measures. In two experimental studies we manipulated the levels of hypothetical support provided by the UK Government and the local community, and in a survey, we collected data on actual support received from family members while self-isolating. Taken together, our results indicate that providing support for self-isolation increases both self-isolation intentions and actual behaviour. However, the effects of support were dependent on the type of support offered, the type of self-isolation required (either between households or within the household), the source of support, and the ways that all these addressed participants’ personal circumstances (in particular, caring responsibilities). For support for self-isolation to be most effective in future pandemic management, therefore, it should be tailored to address specific barriers individuals face when required to self-isolate. • Adherence to self-isolation is crucial for reducing the spread of pandemics • We examined the relationship between support and adherence to self-isolation • Providing support increases self-isolation intentions and actual behaviours • Effects of support depended on specific types of support and personal circumstances • To increase adherence, support tailored to particular needs is necessary