Ischemic Gangrene Requiring Right Salpingo-Oophorectomy in a Patient With Ovarian Cyst Torsion and a History of Bilateral Ovarian Cysts: A Case Report

Ovarian torsion is a gynecological emergency that occurs when the ovary gets twisted on its supporting ligaments, which then cuts off the blood supply to the ovary, causing ischemia. This commonly leads to symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Having a history of ovarian cysts can increase the risk of ovarian torsion. In this case report, we will discuss a 22-year-old woman with a history of bilateral ovarian cysts who was diagnosed with gangrenous ovarian torsion. This study will highlight the importance of treating ovarian torsion in a timely fashion in order to prevent undesirable complications, such as gangrene of the ovary, as seen in our patient's case. Gangrene and other necrotic processes can occur from ovarian torsion due to twisting of the ovary, thus causing a lack of blood supply, which is considered a gynecologic emergency. Once the ovary becomes gangrenous, it is no longer considered viable and treatment options can become limited, as surgical removal is almost always required. Additionally, important topics need to be addressed, such as epidemiology, pathology, and infertility. This is clinically relevant because it raises awareness to diagnose and treat ovarian torsions in a timely manner, to prevent unwanted outcomes, such as gangrenous ovaries or future infertility issues.