Comparative Analysis of Design Elements and Evolutionary Patterns in Urban Parks (a Case Study of Luxembourg Garden in Paris and Park of Tête d'Or in Lyon) for Educational Purposes

This work presents a detailed morpho-functional analysis of two iconic urban parks: Luxembourg Garden in Paris and Tête d'Or Park in Lyon. The 2023 studies examined ecological and socioeconomic aspects, offering fresh insights into their design evolution and historical significance. Luxembourg Gardens, dating back to the 17th century, blend royal aspirations and botanical art, becoming a cultural icon. In contrast, Tête d'Or Park, established in the 19th century under Mayor Claude Marius Vaiss, features a renowned rose garden, botanical sanctuary, and zoo, reflecting Lyon’s heritage and commitment to species conservation. This comparative study highlights both parks' architectural and botanical elegance, as well as their vital roles as urban green spaces. Masterful landscaping and preservation efforts illustrate how these parks serve as biodiversity sanctuaries, cultural landmarks, and community health hubs, emphasizing the importance of maintaining urban green infrastructure.