DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY IN DOGS BY BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL INDICATORS

Recently, the issue of dog reproduction has become increasingly relevant. This is especially true for dogs of popular breeds. However, the issue of infertility in female dogs has not received enough attention. It is important to establish criteria for diagnosing infertility, which are based on the early detection of destructive changes and inflammatory processes in both the tissues of the reproductive system and the liver of infertile dogs. The purpose of our research was to establish the dynamics of the main biochemical indicators of blood and histological changes in the uterine endometrium to develop diagnostic methods for infertility in bitches. The research was conducted during the period 2021-2024 at the clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Sumy National University. 30 animals were selected for the research, 15 of which were infertile. The animals were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group - consisted of sick bitches (n=15) and the control group - healthy animals (n=15). The study consisted of 3 stages. At the first stage, individual hematological and biochemical blood parameters of bitches of both groups were investigated and compared, at the second stage, morphological changes in the reproductive system organs were determined using ultrasound and after ovariohysterectomy in infertile bitches, at the third stage, histological changes in the endometrium of bitches were detected. The age of the dogs varied within 8.35±1.27 years in the experimental and 8.43±1.36 years in the control groups. An increase in the number of leukocytes by 285% and a decrease in erythrocytes per hemoglobin by 9.98%, hemoglobin by 10.99% and hematocrit by 3.21% in infertile animals were detected. At the same time, the leukocyte formula showed a slight increase in neutrophils by 23.2% and lymphocytes by 12.06% compared to similar blood parameters of healthy bitches. Also, an increase in the content of urea by 13.46%, phosphorus - 22.0%, calcium - 16.73% in the blood serum of infertile bitches was established. In sick females, an increase in the diameter of the uterine horns was established to 3.3±0.22 cm in the absence of exudate. Histologically, hyperplasia of the uterine glands and endometrial infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells were detected.