COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF NUTRITION AND INTESTINAL MICROFLORA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Highlights Consumption of high-calorie Western-type foods in combination with overeating and a sedentary lifestyle causes a violation of the composition of the intestinal microbiota, increased intestinal permeability, increased intake of lipopolysaccharide, trimethylamine-N-oxide and other toxins into the blood, which causes a state of chronic metabolic inflammation followed by accelerated development of ASD. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet normalizes the composition of the intestinal microbiota, promotes the formation of short-chain fatty acids with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Absract Despite the introduction of new treatment methods, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, it has been established that systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in atherothrombosis, but the factors causing systemic inflammation have not been fully elucidated. The consumption of high-calorie Western-type foods combined with chronic overeating and a sedentary lifestyle in Western societies causes a state of chronic metabolic inflammation, which contributes to the development of ASCVD. A better understanding of how different types of nutrition affect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is essential for developing effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of ASCVD. This article reviews the latest data on the pathogenetic mechanisms of the influence of dietary patterns on the development or regression of ASCVD.