Effect of different level of nitrogen on growth yield and quality of Raddish (Raphanus Sativus L) under Gwalior Region of Madhya Pradesh

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), a member of the Cruciferae family, is cultivated as both an annual and biennial herbaceous crop.Owing to its short duration, optimizing the use of plant growth regulators (PGRs), especially gibberellic acid (GA), plays a crucial role in enhancing root quality and yield.Nitrogen, an essential macronutrient, is integral to the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, and key enzymes.While nitrogen deficiency leads to poor crop performance and reduced quality, its excessive application can negatively impact yield and produce quality.In light of this, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen levels in combination with gibberellic acid on the growth, yield, and quality of radish.The study was laid out with three nitrogen levels, and the results indicated that the application of 120 kg N/ha, when supplemented with GA, significantly improved plant growth parameters, root yield, and quality traits.This treatment also recorded the highest gross and net returns along with the best benefit-cost (B:C) ratio compared to the other treatments.Thus, the combined application of 120 kg N/ha and gibberellic acid proved to be the most effective in optimizing radish productivity and profitability.