Investigating the potential of Bismuth vanadate to combat multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Aim: This study investigated the efficiency of BiVO4 nanoparticles (BiVO4 NPs) against drug-resistant bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methodology: The study employed a multifaceted approach, evaluating the ablity of BiVO4 NPs to inhibit bacterial growth, reduce viable cell counts over time, and hinder biofilm formation. Furthermore, the investigation explored the NPs impact on virulence factors using protease and hemolysin inhibition assays. Results: The findings showed the potent efficacy of BiVO4 NPs against A. baumannii and MRSA. Notable results included the formation of clear inhibition zones up to 19 and 15 mm, indicating the antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. BiVO4 NPs also effectively inhibited biofilm formation, reduced bacterial adherence, and inhibited virulence factors, underscoring their potential as effective agents against drug-resistant bacteria and suggesting promising applications in medical implants and anti-microbial research. Interpretation: Overall, this study provides compelling evidence supporting the potential use of BiVO4 Nps as an antimicrobial agent and a promising candidate for addressing various human health concerns. Key words: Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Anti-adhesive, Bismuth vanadate, Nanoparticles