Innovations in ESP teaching and learning practices

The informatisation of society and the rapid development of technology significantly outpaces its implementation, including in education. The use of the latest technologies reduces the dependence of teaching and learning on students’ physical location, enhances the structure and content of the educational process, and improves its efficiency, personalisation and student engagement. Artificial intelligence tools facilitate more effective information presentation and assimilation. This research aimed to examine how technologies can be implemented in education to enhance efficiency and student-centred learning. This article presented experiences in using technologies for teaching English for Specific Purposes, with a particular focus on the application of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. Their role in increasing student motivation and ensuring that the educational process remains aligned with current trends was explored. Theoretical research methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalisation, and concretisation, alongside scientific methods such as chronological analysis and cause and-effect examination, enabled an investigation of the challenges associated with integrating emerging technologies into education. The current state of the problem, along with the benefits and challenges of using innovations in education, was analysed through content analysis. This article compared the definitions of artificial intelligence and highlighted its transformative potential in personalised learning. Key applications of AI in education, including natural language processing (NLP) and chatbots, which enhance learning experiences, were examined. Ethical considerations regarding AI usage in education were also discussed. The advantages of using AI-powered learning platforms for both students and teachers were explored. Particular attention was to AI’s ability to analyse students’ strengths, weaknesses, and preferences, ensuring that content is relevant and appropriately challenging for each individual. Continuous evaluation adjusts question difficulty based on student performance, ensuring they are challenged without being overwhelmed. Instant feedback enables students to identify mistakes immediately, which fosters rapid learning and improvement. Solutions to identified challenges were suggested