Etude de la variabilité nutritionnelle des fruits de Ziziphus mauritiana Lam et de sa variété greffée Ziziphus mauritiana var Gola

Abstract: Ziziphus mauritiana is a plant belonging to the Rhamnaceae family, widely distributed in northern Senegal. The fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana are a source of income and have many therapeutic properties. Deficiency in mineral elements and the presence of free radicals lead to a number of illnesses. Malnutrition, oxidative stress and underlying non-communicable diseases are therefore a major public health problem in Africa. So the study aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of two varieties of Ziziphus mauritiana, a grafted variety of Ziziphus mauritian var Gola and the wild variety of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam from Bokidiawé. The results showed that the grafted variety was more active with DPPH and ABTS, indicating superior antioxidant properties with lower inhibitory concentrations (652.52 ± 0.005; 13.869 ± 0.005 mg/ml), respectively. For Ziziphus mauritian Lam, the inhibitory concentrations were (911.1 ± 0.004 to 84.330 ± 0.011 µg/ml), DPPH and ABTS, respectively. As for phytochemicals, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam had less polyphenols and flavonoids than Ziziphus mauritiana var Gola, (25.79 ± 0.22; 70.91 ± 1.01 mg EAG/g) dry matter, respectively for polyphenols; (5.0 ± 0.2; 30.0 ± 0.9 mg EQ/g) dry matter, respectively for flavonoids. The reducing sugar and protein content of Ziziphus mauritianaLam is more than double that of Ziziphus mauritiana var Gola, with values of (71.915 ± 1.002; 40.225 ± 0.925 g Eq glucose.100 g-1) dry matter glucose and (16.5 ± 0.5; 5.5 ± 0.2 mg EBD/100g) dry matter protein, respectively. Keywords: Minerals, proteins, phytochemicals, Ziziphus Mauritian