Assessing Knowledge and Understanding of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) among University Students in Uganda

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) have sparked intense global debate, and Uganda is no exception. With a significant agricultural sector, GMOs are a critical issue for Uganda’s economy and food security. However, limited research exists on university students' perceptions and attitudes towards GMOs. This study aimed to explore these perceptions, providing valuable insights for policymakers and educators. Specifically, it sought to determine students' knowledge and understanding of GMOs, identify their information sources, investigate their attitudes, and examine factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of GMOs. A cross-sectional study design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches was used, with respondents selected across different departments to gather diverse opinions and enable comparison. This method offered flexibility and a deeper understanding of the students' perspectives. Findings revealed that university students possessed a moderate level of knowledge about GMOs, often informed by varied sources, and expressed concerns primarily related to potential health risks and environmental impacts. The study further revealed that university students’ perceptions are shaped by socio-economic factors, cultural beliefs, and information sources, with notable gaps in understanding scientific concepts and implications of GMOs, emphasizing the need for integrating GMO education into university curricula to promote critical thinking and informed decision-making. Overall, the study highlighted the level of awareness, knowledge gaps, concerns, and general acceptance trends regarding GMOs among Uganda’s university students. These insights emphasize the importance of targeted education and information dissemination to address misconceptions and guide informed discussions and policies among the youthful population in Uganda’s higher education institutions