Achieving Ultrahigh Energy Storage Density for BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-Based Ceramics under Moderate Electric Fields via Regulating Dielectric Permittivity
The development of lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics with high energy storage density has emerged as a critical area, driven by the increasing demand for advanced energy storage capacitors and high-power density devices. Conventional approaches to enhance energy-storage performance in lead-free dielectric ceramics typically rely on achieving ultrahigh breakdown field strength (<i>E</i><sub>b</sub>) or employing complex multicomponent composite strategies. However, the requirement for high electric fields hinders the miniaturization and integration of the devices. Furthermore, despite extensive research on the classic BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-based system, recoverable energy storage densities exceeding 6 J/cm<sup>3</sup> remain exceedingly rare, especially under moderate electric fields (300 kV/cm < <i>E</i> < 500 kV/cm). In this paper, based on the relationship of energy storage among dielectric permittivity (ε<sub>r</sub>) and electric field (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>W</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mfrac><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mfrac><mml:msub><mml:mi>ε</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>ε</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msup><mml:mi>E</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math>), we constructed a superparaelectric state near room temperature and improved ε<sub>r</sub> by introducing centrosymmetric BiScO<sub>3</sub> into a high ε<sub>r</sub> matrix (Ba<sub>0.65</sub>Sr<sub>0.3</sub>Ca<sub>0.05</sub>Sn<sub>0.02</sub>Ti<sub>0.08</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). Ultimately, this strategy enables the realization of an ultrahigh energy storage density of 6.95 J/cm<sup>3</sup> and a high energy efficiency of 86.17% under moderate electric fields (500 kV/cm). These findings provide a practical and innovative pathway for developing high-performance energy storage capacitors, advancing the potential for lead-free dielectric ceramics in next-generation energy storage technologies.
Authors
- Biao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8687-8946)
- Jiping Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-3275)
- Weiping Gong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3761-2671)
- Laijun Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6889-2506)
- Jianjun Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0293-4574)
- Jing Kong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1943-1778)
- Wangxin Li
- Mingmei Lin
- Zhihong Luo
Institutions
- City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Guilin University of Technology (CN)
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering (AU)
- Huizhou University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Published
- 2025-05-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c04646
- Citations
- 14
- Primary Topic
- Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 7.25
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
- Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology