Comparison Of Opioid Based Versus Opioid Free Anesthesia in Cardiovascular Surgeries a Comparative Study.

Introduction Cardiovascular surgeries require effective anaesthesia to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Opioid-based anaesthesia (OBA) has been traditionally used, but opioidfreeanaesthesia (OFA) has emerged as a promising alternative (1, 2). Cardiac surgery requires careful anaesthetic management to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Opioids have been traditionally used as part of anaesthesia protocols due to their analgesic and sedative properties.Opioids are associated with several adverse effects, including respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and addiction (3, 4). However, concerns about opioid-related adverse effects, such as respiratory depression, nausea, and addiction, have led to the development of opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) techniques. In contrast, OFA has been shown to reduce opioidrelated complications and improve postoperative outcomes (5, 6). In recent years, there has been a growing interest in OFA for cardiac surgery, driven by the need to reduce opioid-related complications and improve patient outcomes. Several studies have compared opioid-based anaesthesia (OBA) and OFA in cardiac surgery, but the results are inconsistent and limited by small sample sizes and variable study designs. This study aims to provide a comprehensive comparison on OBA and OFA in cardiac surgery, including a comparison of their effects on patient outcomes in terms of post operative pain level,effect on respiration,andhospitalstay duration.