Resistive and capacitive optimizations of laser-induced graphene

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) offers a versatile and cost-effective platform for sensor applications by optimizing resistive and capacitive properties. This study focuses on fine-tuning fabrication parameters like laser power, scanning speed, and step size. The most critical factor influencing sheet resistance is scanning speed, followed by step size, which affects homogeneity. The optimized sheet resistance was 5.43 Ω/sq using 35% laser power, 0.25 mm step size, and 500 cm/min scanning speed. Capacitive properties were enhanced through design adjustments, with interdigitated capacitors achieving 12.68 pF. Characterization confirmed the effectiveness of optimized LIG, promising applications in wearables and environmental monitoring.