Map-Assisted Outdoor Localization of Wall-Mounted MMWave Base Stations for NLoS Coverage

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology is integral to sixth-generation (6G) communication networks due to its high data rates and bandwidth. However, signal degradation in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) regions, particularly in urban environments, presents significant challenges. This paper proposes a map-assisted approach for optimal placement of wall-mounted mmWave base stations (wBSs) to extend coverage in shadowed NLoS areas. Using computational geometry and ray-tracing, we identify NLoS regions and formulate a low-complexity set-cover algorithm to determine minimal wBS deployment. Our results demonstrate improved coverage and signal strength in NLoS regions, validated by ray-tracing simulations. This method supports cost-effective planning for 6G mmWave networks.