Impact of vitamin D deficiency on reproductive dysfunction in West Algeria women of reproductive age

In addition to sex steroid hormones, vitamin D has a modulatory reproductive action due to the vitamin D receptor and vitamin D metabolizing enzymes that are found in human reproductive tissues. This study aimed to evaluate and explore the impact of vitamin D on female infertility. Authors conducted a prospective study of 394 infertile women from the region of Tiaret (western Algeria). Authors study revealed a predominance of hypovitaminosis in 80.8% of all patients, with no significant relationship between vitamin D status and age. However, a significant association between residence, Body Mass Index and vitamin D was found (P<0.0001). The association of 25(OH)D and certain pathologies (Polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, miscarriage and irregular menstrual cycle) was very significant (P<0.0001). Women with vitamin D deficiency were the most affected by uterine and ovarian abnormalities. An inverse correlation was highlighted between vitamin D and different hormones, infertility duration and supplementation. Moreover, women with long lasting infertility (55-96 months and over 96 months) were deficient in vitamin D (31.3% and 19.5%, respectively). In addition, miscarriages were more noted in vitamin D deficient women (96 cases, 36.6%); however, the majority of women with normal vitamin D status had no history of miscarriages (93.3%) P χ2<0.0001. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with long durations of infertility, high number of miscarriages, a significant prevalence of Polycystic ovary syndrome, irregular menstrual cycles. Thus, good control of vitamin D status is a necessity for improving female fertility.