Construction of Zn-based metal–organic frameworks in bamboo by in-situ and ex-situ growth strategies for indoor environmental remediation

Indoor air pollution presents a significant challenge to human health, driving the development of advanced materials for indoor environmental remediation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derived materials possess great promise as promising candidates for addressing this challenge. In this work, the delignified bamboo with multi-scale structure was employed as a substrate to fabricate ZIF-8@bamboo by in-situ and ex-situ growth strategies. The results demonstrated that the delignified bamboo exposed polysaccharided cellulose active group originally present in the bamboo cell walls. The pretreated bamboo was facilitated to the uniform growth of ZIF-8 crystals, and the loaded ZIF-8 exhibited high crystallinity and well-distributed morphological characteristics. Moreover, the successful growth of ZIF-8 increased the bamboo’s specific surface area. Additionally, the formaldehyde adsorption tests revealed that the ZIF-8@bamboo exhibited a 227.73 % improvement for formaldehyde adsorption rate at room temperature. Meanwhile, it also showed a rapid adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, and reusable performance for formaldehyde. Furthermore, the as-prepared ZIF-8@bamboo demonstrated high removal efficacy for other indoor pollutants, including PM2.5 and PM10. Moreover, the ZIF-8@bamboo exhibited high indoor pollutant removal efficiency after five repeated cycles. Therefore, the ZIF-8@bamboo proposed in this work provides an effective solution to address indoor environmental pollution. • In-situ and ex-situ strategies were employed to construct bamboo-based Zn-MOF macroarchitectures. • The macroarchitectures enabled ZIF-8 recovery and enhanced the bamboo's indoor pollutants removal capacity. • The macroarchitectures efficiently removed indoor pollutants, such as formaldehyde, PM10, and PM2.5. • The macroarchitectures exhibited superior recycling ability.