Exploring entropy production in radiative cilia flow of Williamson fluid through a curved channel with viscous dissipation effects

Gaining insights into entropy generation in cilia-induced non-Newtonian fluid flows is essential for improving the thermal and mechanical efficiency of biological and industrial transport systems. Therefore, the present investigation addresses the analysis of entropy generation for Williamson fluid flow driven by the cilia mechanism through a curved channel with thermal radiation. The flow is formulated by incorporating a radial magnetic field along with the viscous dissipation effects. The flow modeling is developed using the lubrication approximation. Numerical solutions for velocity, temperature, heat transfer rate, streamlines, and entropy generation are obtained using the finite element method (FEM). The findings reveal that thermal radiation enhances entropy generation by approximately 38 %, while temperature decreases by nearly 22 % under the influence of increasing radiation parameters. Additionally, an increase in cilia length results in a velocity enhancement of up to 31 %, promoting more effective fluid transport. Streamlines are plotted for varying cilia lengths to analyze fluid dynamics. Furthermore, the study contributes to the design of efficient microfluidic devices, magnetohydrodynamics-based cooling systems, and bio-inspired propulsion technologies, enhancing advancements in biomedical and industrial engineering.