Next-Day Discharge Is Feasible in Robotic-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Anatomical Lung Resections Irrespective of Patient Characteristics

<b>Background:</b> Next-day discharge post-robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) anatomical lung resections are shown to be achieved in young and fit patients. This study aims to compare next-day discharge RATS anatomical lung resection patients matched with patients who stayed longer. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent RATS anatomical lung resection by a single surgeon was conducted. Based on the variables found to be different, two propensity-matched groups were created: a next-day discharge group and a group of patients with longer stays. <b>Results:</b> This study included 202 patients, 49 (24.3%) of whom were discharged the next day. The mean age was 68.3 ± 9.8 years, and 114 (56.4%) patients were females. Based on the variables found different, two matched groups with 46 patients for age, gender, performance score, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, number of co-morbidities and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec were created. Re-admissions, complications, and death rates were similar, but next-day discharge patients had more sublobar resections (65.2% vs. 37%, <i>p</i> = 0.029), shorter procedures (132 vs. 179 min, <i>p</i> = 0.048), and morning theater slots (71.7% vs. 32.6, <i>p</i> = 0.018). These were shown to be independent predictors of next-day discharge. Major air leak issues also kept patients in the hospital longer (23.9% vs. 6.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.024). <b>Conclusions:</b> Next-day discharge following RATS anatomical lung resection appeared to have no increased risk of re-admissions or complications, irrespective of fitness, age, or other patient characteristics. Patients receiving short-duration surgery and morning sublobar resections without major air leak issues have higher chances of achieving next-day discharge.