Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study of Vitamin C and Pentraxin 3 Dynamics During Hemodialysis

Although this observational study cannot establish causality, it indicates that hemodialysis is associated with reduced antioxidant levels and increased inflammatory markers. These findings suggest a possible link between oxidative stress and inflammation in CKD patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the therapeutic role of antioxidant supplementation in mitigating cardiovascular risks.