The Silent Dialogue: Exploring the Role of Inner Speech and the Prefrontal Cortex in Cognitive and Emotional Regulation

This study investigates how internal speech supports executive functions such as planning, decision-making, attention management, emotional regulation and self-control. Interaction between internal speech and the prefrontal cortex has been studied and the effects of individuals on cognitive-emotional processes have been revealed. In the research, qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews with 20 young adults living in Azerbaijan were evaluated by thematic analysis. The results show that internal speech plays a critical role in controlling individuals' behaviour, maintaining emotional balance, and decision-making processes. In addition, the negative effects of internal criticism on psychological well-being have also been revealed.