Splenic Rupture in Infectious Mononucleosis: A Case Report

Splenic ruptures are rarely seen in infectious mononucleosis (IM), caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is a self-limiting viral infection characterized by fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy. While most cases are mild and resolve without complications, rare and severe complications can arise, including splenic rupture, which is a potentially life-threatening event. Previous case reports have linked splenic rupture to IM with increased splenic size. We present an atypical case report of splenic rupture in a young adult diagnosed with IM, whose spleen was found to be of normal size. This study emphasizes the need for physicians to be more vigilant and closely observe for splenic ruptures in IM patients, despite having normal splenic sizes. This would contribute to reducing both the mortality and morbidity associated with atraumatic splenic ruptures.