Morphological, Anatomical Characteristics, and Phytochemical Screening of the Leaves of Goniothalamus flagellistylus Tagane & V. S. Dang, Annonaceae

Goniothalamus flagellistylus Tagane & V. S. Dang (Annonaceae) is a new species of genus Goniothalamus discovered in 2015. Many species belonging to the genus Goniothalamus, which is widely used as traditional medicines for the treatment of miscarriage, fever, skin infections, and cancers. This study aims to investigate the morphology, microscopic characteristics, and chemical constituents of this plant in order to provide a valuable information for the taxonomical identification of this species in the genus Goniothalamus. Consequently, morphological characteristics: small tree, simple leaves, alternate, margin entire, flower simple cyme, bisexual, grows on the main stem and old branches, calyx and corolla are green in color, 6 petals regular. The anatomical characteristics of the leaf have been identified, including: main vein, leaf blade, and leaf stalk. Leaf powder has contented: covering trichomes, brachysclereids, parenchyma cells, stomata... The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of triterpenoids, proanthocyanidins, tannins, organic acids, polyuronic compounds, saponins, anthocyanidin glycosides, and anthraglycosides. The scientific name of plant was identified as G. flagellistylus Tagane & V. S. Dang by morphological characteristics and DNA sesquencing and this is the first reported for micromorphological features, leaf powder and phytochemical composition of this plant.