Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Vitis vinifera Seed Extract in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

The aim of this present study is to study the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of ethanolic seed extract from Vitis vinifera (grape) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The grape seeds were dried, powdered, and extracted using ethanol in a Soxhlet apparatus. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays. The ethanolic extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 40.60 μg/ml for DPPH and 35.65 μg/ml for hydrogen peroxide assay, comparable to the standard ascorbic acid. The antidiabetic activity was assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar albino rats divided into four groups: normal control, diabetic control, standard (metformin 250 mg/kg), and test group (grape seed extract 250 mg/kg). Blood glucose levels were monitored over 21 days of treatment. The grape seed extract demonstrated significant hypoglycemic activity, reducing blood glucose levels from 215 mg/dl to 169 mg/dl after 21 days, comparable to metformin's effect (212 mg/dl to 154 mg/dl). The results indicate that Vitis vinifera seed extract possesses potent antioxidant properties and antidiabetic activity, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in diabetes management