Концепція Ф. Фребеля в контексті практики сучасного освітнього простору ЗДО

The educational environment is designed to create conditions for: the formation of, a common culture, including aspects of spiritual and moral development and upbringing; the development of physical, intellectual and personal qualities; the formation of prerequisites for educational activity; ensuring the possibility of achieving social success; preserving and strengthening the physical and psychological health of preschool children; correcting deficiencies in the physical and mental development of children. The purpose of our study is to substantiate the psychological and pedagogical aspect of the concept of F. Froebel’s “gifts”. Methods for analyzing research on domestic experience of preschool children’s play activities and substantiating the need to use Froebel’s “gifts” to improve work with preschool children. The game set “Froebel’s Gifts” can be used for children of early and preschool age: for environmental education, the development of fine motor skills, the formation of mathematical ideas, the development of spatial thinking, creative development, and preparation for school. F. Froebel built a system of his famous six “gifts” for games. They were aimed not only at the sensory and motor development of the child, but also at his comprehensive development, from them a system of various classes in a preschool educational institution followed, which were aimed at developing the potential creative powers of the child. Due to the variety of geometric bodies, these game modules contribute to the development of children’s creative abilities, give an idea of the whole and geometric shapes, and contribute to construction. Froebel proposed various options for productive activity using these cubes: depicting patterns, various objects, construction. When the image was made by transforming the cubes, when the original combination does not break, but changes its position, a new object or pattern is obtained. Thus, “Frobel’s Gifts” is a system that allows you to adjust the course of the game to the child’s desires and abilities. The article considers “Frobel’s Gifts” as a universal tool for the development of children, which can be adapted for children with special educational needs and for the development of specific skills.