SmartFarm Transport: IoT-Integrated System for Reducing Vegetable Spoilage in Transit

Abstract In modern agricultural supply chains, ensuring the freshness and quality of vegetables during storage and transportation is a critical challenge. This project presents an IoT-based smart monitoring system designed to track and maintain the freshness of vegetables using real-time sensor data. The system is built using an ESP32 microcontroller, integrating multiple sensors to monitor environmental and transport conditions. A MQ135 gas sensor is used to detect gases released by decomposing vegetables, indicating spoilage. A DHT11 sensor monitors the temperature and humidity, which are key factors affecting vegetable freshness. To enhance transportation safety, an MPU6050 accelerometer and gyroscope module is included to detect vehicle accidents. Additionally, an ultrasonic sensor is used to monitor the petrol level of the transport vehicle. All collected data is transmitted to the ThingSpeak IoT cloud platform, where it is stored, visualized, and analyzed. The data is also accessed and displayed on a custom-built website using Java (JSP, Servlets) as the front end and MySQL as the back-end database, ensuring a user-friendly interface for real-time monitoring. Keywords: IoT Monitoring, Vegetable Freshness, ESP32 Microcontroller, Sensor Integration, Real-time Data, Cold Chain Management