Analysis of mechanical and chemical processes in the motor fuel activator

The need to reduce fuel consumption in the internal combustion engine is due to the constant increase in their cost, which occupies up to 20 % of the cost of agricultural products. For this purpose, fuel systems of internal combustion engines are being improved, and since pre-war times, magnetic and electromagnetic, electrostatic and cavitation treatment of fuels, and homogenization of water-fuel oil mixtures have been used. However, the greatest effi ciency in reducing fuel consumption is provided by the mechano-chemical and cavitation activator of motor fuels prof. Vorobyov Yu. V., according to Russian patent No. 2411074. Judging by the advertising, the same efficiency can be provided by the simplest fuel cavitator-fitting under Russian patent No. 2435649. In connection with the effectiveness of the ethics of the devices the aim of this work was to attempt to fi nd out the particular activator of Professor Yu.V. Vorobiev, causing them deep and efficient modification of motor fuels and a significant reduction of their consumption in internal combustion engines, and to figure out measures for its stable performance in operation at various engine. Materials and methods. Schemes of activator devices and their descriptions under Russian patents No 2411074, 2550203, 2592801, as well as the results of their tests on KAMAZ-740, ZMZ-406, YAMZ-236, UMZ-412 engines with diesel fuel, gasoline and water-fuel emulsion, conducted at the VUNC of the VVA Air force in 2010–2019, were used. Analysis of all variations of the activator showed that deep modification of motor fuels, rapeseed oil, alcoholic beverages, and natural waters occurs fi rst by counter-helical vortex mixing, then by pushing through microchannels, cavitation, and finally by selling through microchannels. Effectiveness of activators since 2010 it was also confirmed by operational tests on a dozen passenger cars, chemical analysis of activated gasolines and diesel fuel, more than 150 chromatograms of fuels, rapeseed oil, alcohols and natural waters, and comprehensive domestic and foreign comparative tests of dozens of fuel brands. The irreversibility and enhancement of diesel fuel modification after a year of storage was confirmed, the eff ect of activated doses of diesel fuel on the product was revealed, the freezing temperature of activated diesel fuel was reduced to –45 °C, and the smoke content of KamAZ-740 diesel exhaust was reduced by 8,7 %. Activated alcohols signifi cantly reduce the content of fusel oils, and waters-salts. Discussion and conclusion. Deep and irreversible modifi cation of fuels by an activator with a reduction in their consumption in the internal combustion engine by 20–31,9 % can only be achieved if such design and operational requirements are met, such as optimal chamber sizes, microchannel diameters, slot width and thickness of the mixer plates, and when the housing material is anti-erosion. However, the activator requires resource and full load tests.