Flow and heat transfer analysis of hybrid nanofluid due to coaxial cylinders: A comparative study via Keller-box scheme

In this study, we propose a new approach by examining three different solutions: hybrid nanofluids made up of magnetite and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in water, nanofluids containing magnetite in water, and a base fluid of pure water. The hybrid nanofluid suspension consists of 0.05% magnetite and 0.05% cobalt ferrite, the nanofluid suspension contains 0.1% cobalt ferrite in water, while the base fluid is pure water. These nanoparticles are incorporated into a system of co-axial cylinders where the inner cylinder is subjected to stretching, slip velocity and experiences a thermal slip condition at a specified temperature. The outer cylinder remains stationary and maintains a constant temperature. To investigate the thermal dynamics within this system, we employ the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model along with the Maxwell nanofluid model. We derive numerical solutions using the Keller-box method in MATLAB. The results are presented through graphical illustrations and tables against pertinent parameters. It is seen that decrease in thermal relaxation time lower temperature by enhancing heat conduction and reducing temperature gradients due to the material’s rapid thermal response. Moreover, an increase in skin friction is observed due to the curvature parameter due to enhanced momentum transfer and magnetic damping effects.