Studi Literatur: Faktor Penyebab, Data, dan Cara Pencegahan Bullying Pada Remaja

Adolescence is a transitional period from childhood to adulthood, characterized by significant changes, challenges, and self-discovery. One of the major social issues that frequently arises during this phase is bullying. Bullying is an aggressive behavior that is repeated with the intention of causing physical, emotional, or mental harm to the victim. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing bullying behavior, trends in reported cases, and effective prevention strategies. The findings indicate that peer influence, parenting styles, social environment, and exposure to electronic media significantly contribute to the development of bullying behavior. Based on data from various studies, bullying prevalence in Indonesia remains high, with most adolescents playing dual roles as both perpetrators and victims. This behavior is more common among male students than females and tends to increase with higher grade levels. Preventing bullying requires active involvement from various stakeholders, including families, schools, and communities. Effective strategies include strengthening character education, fostering a safe and supportive school environment, implementing strict and consistent disciplinary measures, and ensuring strong coordination between teachers and parents to guide children toward better self-control and empathy.