Agroecological assessment of the impact of harmful organisms on the bioenergy productivity of sunflower and sustainable marketing to reduce harmful impact on the environment

On sunflower crops, the dominant phytophagous insects identified include the southern sunflower beetle (Mordellistena parvuliformis Stscheg.-Bar.).Research has been conducted on the biology, distribution, harmfulness, and protection measures against these pests.The disruption of agricultural techniques has led to an increase in the population of specialized phytophagous pests, particularly the southern sunflower beetle.This emergence is logical, as since 2004, the area under this crop has almost doubled, which is the main reason for the sharp increase in this pest.Highly effective and environmentally safe plant protection systems for sunflowers from harmful organisms have been developed.An effective protection system for the crop includes the application of insecticides Coragen 20 SC, Decis f-Lux 25 EC, KE, Engio 247 SC, SC, with usage rates according to the study.The use of insecticides against harmful phytophagous pests helps preserve the harvest and improve its quality.A relatively high net profit was obtained using the insecticide Coragen 20 SC (839.3 ha -1 ), with a profitability level of 160% when using the insecticide.Economically profitable results were also achieved using Decis f-Lux 25 EC, KE, and Engio 247 SC, SC, where the net profit amounted to 79.8 and 694.2 ha -1 with their profitability levels at 152% and 132% respectively.