Exploring the Discrepancies in the Biological Activities of Extracts From <i>Guadua angustifolia</i> Var. Bicolor Londoño Collected in Two Different Sites

Guadua angustifolia var. bicolor Lodoño is a Colombian bamboo species that has shown promising medicinal properties. This study aims to investigate the differences in the chemical composition and biological activity of extracts from two different populations of G. angustifolia var. bicolor, collected in Bauru and Tatuí, Brazil. The extracts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and their anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities were evaluated using the enzyme tyrosinase and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, respectively. The crude extract was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus, followed by a solid-liquid extraction and, finally, a column chromatography. The results showed that the subfractions from the two populations had different chemical compositions, which may explain their different biological activities. The Bauru extracts contained higher levels of phenolic compounds and fatty acids, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. These extracts were also found to be the most active samples. These findings suggest that the chemical composition of bamboo extracts can vary depending on the origin of the sample.