RISCO OBSTÉTRICO ASSOCIADO ÀS TROMBOFILIAS ADQUIRIDAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Introduction: Acquired thrombophilias, particularly antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), are conditions associated with a significant increase in obstetric morbidity. These conditions have been correlated with a range of pregnancy complications, including recurrent miscarriages, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirths, and thromboembolic complications. Understanding acquired thrombophilias is crucial for the appropriate management of affected pregnant women, aiming to reduce maternal and fetal risks. Objective: The objective of this study is to review recent literature on the relationship between acquired thrombophilias, with an emphasis on antiphospholipid syndrome, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate the most commonly used diagnostic methods for identifying these conditions, as well as discuss available therapeutic approaches, including the use of anticoagulants and other clinical interventions. Methodology: This is a literature review conducted from publications indexed in the PubMed database, focusing on the years 2020 to 2025. Studies specifically addressing pregnancy in women with acquired thrombophilia, particularly APS, were included, excluding those related to hereditary thrombophilias or non-pregnant populations. The selection of articles considered the most relevant clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects. Results: The results of the analysis indicate that the combination of low-dose aspirin and heparin is one of the most effective therapeutic approaches, being associated with better live birth rates in pregnant women with APS. Moreover, comorbid factors such as obesity, immune alterations, and a history of thrombosis may exacerbate the negative effects of thrombophilias, increasing the risk of obstetric complications. Studies also highlight the importance of continuous monitoring and early diagnosis, which are essential for proper management. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of acquired thrombophilias, combined with a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach, can significantly contribute to reducing risks for both the mother and the fetus. Preventive strategies, such as the combined use of anticoagulants and careful monitoring during pregnancy, are key to improving obstetric outcomes. A review of clinical practices and the personalization of treatment are essential elements for therapeutic success.