Comparison of polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes developed from different ancestry groups

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are useful for assessing disease risk; however, knowledge about their effectiveness among Asian and other populations is limited. This study aimed to compare the classification accuracy of PRSs for type 2 diabetes (T2D-PRS) developed from different ancestry groups using genotype data from 14,083 Japanese participants. Participants' scores were calculated using T2D-PRS models, and logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were assessed. The odds ratio of diabetes per 1 standard deviation increase in PRS was 2.18 and 1.55 for the Japanese and European T2D-PRSs, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the Japanese T2D-PRS was 0.781, whereas that for the European T2D-PRS was 0.738 (P < 0.001). Additionally, age-stratified analysis showed higher AUCs in younger than older age groups. The PRS developed from matched ancestry populations has high classification accuracy for diabetes and is particularly useful for the early detection of high-risk individuals with diabetes.

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Publication Details

Journal
npj Metabolic Health and Disease
Published
2025-05-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s44324-025-00059-0
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.82

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article

Comparison of polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes developed from different ancestry groups

Takashi Tamura, Megumi Hara, Takeshi Watanabe, Yukihide Momozawa et al.
1 citations
npj Metabolic Health and Disease
Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
1.82
article

Comparison of polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes developed from different ancestry groups

Takashi Tamura, Megumi Hara, Takeshi Watanabe, Yukihide Momozawa, Hiroaki Ikezaki, Masashi Ishizu, Kiyonori Kuriki, Yuichiro Nishida, Rieko Okada, Mako Nagayoshi, Sadao Suzuki, Jun Otonari, Satomi Tomida, Yohko Nakamura, Hidemi Ito, Masahiro Nakatochi, Nobuaki Michihata, Yudai Tamada, Aya Kadota, Takahiro Otani, Keitaro Tanaka, Chisato Shimanoe, Keitaro Matsuo, Chihaya Koriyama, Shiroh Tanoue, Takuma Furukawa, Isao Oze, Chiharu Iwasaka, Naoyuki Takashima, Isao Watanabe, Kenji Wakai
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are useful for assessing disease risk; however, knowledge about their effectiveness among Asian and other populations is limited. This study aimed to compare the classification accuracy of PRSs for type 2 diabetes (T2D-PRS) developed from different ancestry groups using genotype data from 14,083 Japanese participants. Participants' scores were calculated using T2D-PRS models, and logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were assessed. The odds ratio of diabetes per 1 standard deviation increase in PRS was 2.18 and 1.55 for the Japanese and European T2D-PRSs, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the Japanese T2D-PRS was 0.781, whereas that for the European T2D-PRS was 0.738 (P < 0.001). Additionally, age-stratified analysis showed higher AUCs in younger than older age groups. The PRS developed from matched ancestry populations has high classification accuracy for diabetes and is particularly useful for the early detection of high-risk individuals with diabetes.

npj Metabolic Health and DiseaseVol. 3(1)
Kagoshima University (JP), Kyushu University (JP), University of Shizuoka (JP), Shiga University of Medical Science (JP), Saga University (JP), Tohoku University (JP), Kanagawa Prefectural Hospital Organization (JP), Nagoya City University (JP), Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (JP), National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (JP), Kyushu University Hospital (JP), Chiba Cancer Center (JP), Aichi Cancer Center (JP), Tsuruga Nursing University (JP), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (JP), Kanagawa Cancer Center, Nagoya University (JP), Kanagawa University of Human Services (JP), Tokushima University (JP)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 16%
Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
1.82
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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