Application of Himawari-9 and Radiosonde Data in Analyzing Extreme Rainfall Events (Case Study: Malang, November 25, 2023)

This study uses Himawari-9 meteorological satellite data and radiosonde data to examine the severe rain event that happened in Malang on November 25, 2023. The Japan Meteorological Agency's (JMA) Himawari-9 satellite collects high-frequency atmospheric data, and radiosonde data provide vertical atmospheric information. This study determines the distribution of major convective clouds and meteorological characteristics that suggest the possibility of severe weather by analyzing satellite photos using the RGB technique and radiosonde data. Convective clouds identified by satellite images at 07:40 UTC started to blanket the Malang City area and spread until they filled the entire East Java region at 09:00 UTC, according to the analysis's findings. Weather metrics including the Showalter Index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), and Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) are displayed in radiosonde data to support the possibility of heavy rain. There is a significant chance that flooding in Malang will result from heavy rains due to these unstable atmospheric conditions.