A Novel Method for Distance Calculation from Forensic Sketches Converted from Images

Accurate crime scene documentation is essential in forensic investigations, yet traditional sketching methods are time-consuming, prone to human error, and reliant on investigator skill. This study presents a forensic application designed to automate the sketching and measurement process, enhancing efficiency and precision. The application utilizes Sobel edge detection to convert crime scene photographs into sketches, allowing threshold adjustments for optimal detail representation. Additionally, it incorporates a measurement system that computes distances between evidence points based on four fixed reference points. By inputting known straight-line and diagonal distances, investigators can obtain precise spatial measurements without manual calculations. Tested across fifteen simulated crime scenes, the software successfully validated two hypotheses: (1) edge detection can generate detailed forensic sketches, and (2) accurate measurements can be computed using fixed reference points. The model demonstrated 90-95 percentage accuracy, though challenges such as image warping and background noise require further refinement. This study underscores the potential of digital forensic tools in modern investigations. While the prototype is functional, future enhancements including AI integration, advanced noise reduction, and improved security could further optimize its reliability. Once fully developed, this application has the potential to standardize digital crime scene documentation, improve forensic reconstructions, and provide a valuable resource for law enforcement and legal professionals.