The dynamics of changes in the productivity of maternal breeds of pigs of English breeding and the heritability of their reproductive traits in the conditions of Ukraine

The article investigated the dynamics of reproductive qualities of sows of the main maternal breeds, Great White and Landrace of English origin, in the conditions of a breeding breeder of an industrial pig complex from 2018 to 2023. Annual trends of the leading indicators of reproductive capacity, coefficients of phenotypic inheritance of these traits, and the strength and direction of correlations between indicators of reproductive qualities of sows were studied. In sows of the large white breed during the research period, an increase in the total number of piglets born by 7.0 %, multiple fertility by 10.6 %, nest weight of piglets at birth by 8.1 %, preservation of piglets until weaning by 5.2 %, their number in the nest at weaning by 17.7 %, and the mass of the nest by 13.1 %, their increase by 11.2–12.8 %, the growth of the indices of RQI by 11.3 %, SIVYAS by 11.2 % and SZFTV – 12.8. At the same time, there was a decrease in the proportion of stillborn piglets by 2.9 %, high fertility by 2.3 %, and average daily, absolute, and relative growth of piglets in the post-weaning period by 5.6 %, 5.3 %, and 2.3 %, respectively, and the weight of one piglet at weaning by 4.0 %. During the same period, Landrace sows showed an increase in the total number of piglets born by 4.4 %, multiple fertility by 5.5 %, high fertility by 3.1 %, litter weight of piglets at birth by 9.4 %, survival of piglets until weaning by 7.4 %, their number in the nest at weaning by 9.3 %, and the mass of their nest at this time by 11.2 %, increase in the indices of RQI by 8.8 %, by SIVYAS by 7.1 % and SZFTV – 9.8 %. At the same time, the share of stillborn piglets decreased by –1.3 %. The average daily gains of piglets in the post-weaning period were 5.5 %, an absolute gain of 5.4 %, and a relative gain of 2.6 %. The weight of one piglet at weaning was 4.0 %.