Unplanned costs for the construction and operation of commercial real estate

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to planning and risk management in construction. Objectives. The article aims to analyze various types of unforeseen expenses, identify the main reasons for their occurrence, and solve the problem of minimizing additional costs. Methods. For the study, we used mathematical research methods. Results. The article finds that in Russia, there has been an increase in the cost of construction of commercial real estate in recent years, and it describes the main tools that help manage risks. Conclusions. A systems approach to reducing unforeseen expenses can help construction companies remain competitive and increase profits.