Improved imperceptible engagement-based 2D sigmoid logistic maps, Hill cipher, and Kronecker XOR product

Image encryption is a crucial facet of secure data transmission and storage, and this study explores the efficacy of combining sigmoid logistic maps (SLM), Hill cipher, and Kronecker's product method in enhancing image encryption processes. The evaluation, conducted on diverse images such as Lena, Rice, Peppers, Cameraman, and Baboon, unveils noteworthy findings. The Lena image emerges as the most successfully encrypted, as evidenced by the lowest mean squared error (MSE) at 92.81 and the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) at 19.43, reflecting superior fidelity and quality preservation. Additionally, the encryption of 64×64 pixels images consistently demonstrate robustness, with a high number of pixels change rate (NPCR) and unified average change intensity (UACI) values, particularly notable for the Cameraman image. Even for 128×128 pixels images, commendable encryption performance persists across the tested images. The amalgamation of SLM, Hill cipher, and Kronecker's product emerges as an effective strategy for balancing security and perceptual quality in image encryption, with the Lena image consistently outperforming others based on comprehensive metrics. This research provides valuable insights for future studies in the dynamic domain of image encryption, emphasizing the potential of advanced cryptographic techniques in ensuring secure multimedia communication.