Global Insights into Bacterial Canker of Stone Fruits Caused by the <i>Pseudomonas Syringae</i> Species Complex

Abstract Stone fruits ( Prunus spp.) are economically and nutritionally valuable commodities, with production concentrated in the temperate regions. In the UK, limited to cherries and plums, production trends highlight a resurgence in cherry yields due to modern practices. However, bacterial cankers, caused by diverse strains of P . syringae , pose significant threats to Prunus spp., affecting both commercial orchards and ornamental plant nurseries. This disease, characterised by cankers, gummosis, and necrotic lesions in woody tissues, incurs severe economic losses, with young orchards particularly vulnerable. Surveys have revealed the emergence of novel pathogens in P . syringae populations, with predominant groups varying across continents. Advances in molecular techniques have improved pathogen classification and resistance screening in Prunus cultivars is increasing. Addressing bacterial cankers requires integrating knowledge of pathogen lifecycles, virulence factors, and host-pathogen interactions into management strategies. Current research focuses on pathogen evolution, breeding resistant tree cultivars, and implementing new biocontrol strategies to mitigate the economic and ecological impacts. Information © The Authors 2025